Choose the Right Variety

Hardneck types (Porcelain, Rocambole, Purple Stripe) thrive in cold climates and offer large, easy-to-peel cloves.

When to Plant

Plant in fall, about 4–6 weeks before the ground freezes. In Northern Illinois (Zone 5–6), that’s typically mid-October to early November.

Soil Prep & Fertility

• Full sun and well-drained soil (garlic hates soggy feet).
• Loosen to 8–10" deep; mix in 2–3" compost or aged manure.
• Target pH: 6.5–7.0.

Planting Depth & Spacing

1. Separate cloves just before planting; keep skins on.
2. Plant pointy end up, 2–3" deep.
3. Space 6" apart in rows 12–18" apart.
4. Select largest cloves for biggest bulbs.

Mulch & Overwinter

Cover planted beds with 3–6" of clean straw or shredded leaves to insulate, prevent heaving, and suppress weeds.

Spring Care

• Lighten mulch as soil warms; leave a thin layer for weed control.
• Feed gently (compost, fish/kelp) and water consistently (about 1" per week).

Scapes, Harvest & Curing

• Scapes: Remove once they curl to push energy into bulbs (and enjoy them in the kitchen!).
• Harvest: When ~3–4 green leaves remain mid-summer.
• Cure: Dry 3–4 weeks in shade with airflow; store cool and dry.

Quick Checklist